CPR Depth And Rate Of Compression Could Influence Optimal Chances For Survival

The depth and rate of chest compressions used during CPR could ultimately impact survival following a cardiac arrest.

Recent findings published in the journal Circulation and Critical Care Medicine show that contrary to popular believe, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) compressions deeper than 5.5 centimeters - about two inches - resulted in decreased survival, possibly because of collateral damage to other internal organs.

"Most people do not recognize that it takes quite a bit of thrust to compress the chest 2 inches," said Dr. Ahamed Idris, Professor of Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine at UT Southwestern, who works with the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium, in a news release. "About 60 lbs. of pressure are required to reach this depth. But in some cases a burly fireman or well-intended volunteer can go way past that amount, which can harm the patient."

As it stands, the American Heart Association's 2010 CPR guidelines recommend compressing the chest at least 5 centimeters without providing an upper limit.

Researchers also noted that the rate for chest compression applied was most important at 100 to 120 compression rates per minute for optimal survival.

"Survival depends on the quality of the CPR," added Dr. Idris, Director of the Dallas-Fort Worth Center for Resuscitation Research sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. "Both the depth of chest compressions and the rate at which they are applied can have important results for patients in the first moments of cardiac arrest."

Oftentimes, some responders may be giving compressions too fast or some too slow. Many find that going to the beat of the children's song "Row, Row, Row Your Boat" can work as a good measure to reach 100 to 120 beats per minute, or the optimal spot for resuscitation and survival.

Responders should call 911 or have someone nearby call while they begin immediately delivering compressions to a victim. "And don't stop until the paramedics arrive," concluded Dr. Idris, noting the guidelines from the American Heart Association.

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